1. Haffner SM, Valdez RA, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Morales PA, Stern MP. Prospective analysis of the insulin-resistance syndrome (syndrome X).
Diabetes 1992;41(6):715-22.
2. Kim MH, Lee SH, Shin KS, Son DY, Kim SH, Joe H, et al. The change of metabolic syndrome prevalence and its risk factors in Korean adults for decade: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2008-2017.
Korean J Fam Pract 2020;10(1):44-52.
3. Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr, Cleeman JI, Smith SC Jr, Lenfant C; American Heart Association, et al. Definition of metabolic syndrome: report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition.
Circulation 2004;109(3):433-8.
4. Räisänen JP, Silaste ML, Kesäniemi YA, Ukkola O. Increased daily sodium intake is an independent dietary indicator of the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged subjects.
Ann Med 2012;44(6):627-34.
5. Lee H, Lee J, Hwang SS, Kim S, Chin HJ, Han JS, et al. Potassium intake and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2010.
PLoS One 2013;8(1):e55106.
6. Shin D, Joh HK, Kim KH, Park SM. Benefits of potassium in take on metabolic syndrome: the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV).
Atherosclerosis 2013;230(1):80-5.
7. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Korea Health Statistics 2017: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-2) [Internet]. Cheongju: KCDC; 2019 [Accessed Oct 7, 2020]. Available from:
http://knhanes.cdc.go.kr/
8. Cook NR, Obarzanek E, Cutler JA, Buring JE, Rexrode KM, Kumanyika SK, et al. Joint effects of sodium and potassium intake on subsequent cardiovascular disease: the trials of hypertension prevention follow-up study.
Arch Intern Med 2009;169(1):32-40.
9. Perez V, Chang ET. Sodium-to-potassium ratio and blood pressure, hypertension, and related factors.
Adv Nutr 2014;5(6):712-41.
10. World Health Organization (WHO). Review and updating of current WHO recommendations on salt/sodium and potassium consumption. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
11. Park YH, Chung SJ. A comparison of sources of sodium and potassium intake by gender, age and regions in Koreans: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010-2012.
Korean J Community Nutr 2016;21(6):558-73.
12. Okayama A, Okuda N, Miura K, Okamura T, Hayakawa T, Akasaka H, et al. Dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio as a risk factor for stroke, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in Japan: the NIPPON DATA80 cohort study.
BMJ Open 2016;6(7):e011632.
13. Yang Q, Liu T, Kuklina EV, Flanders WD, Hong Y, Gillespie C, et al. Sodium and potassium intake and mortality among US adults: prospective data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Arch Intern Med 2011;171(13):1183-91.
14. Baudrand R, Campino C, Carvajal CA, Olivieri O, Guidi G, Faccini G, et al. High sodium intake is associated with increased glucocorticoid production, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014;80(5):677-84.
15. Cai X, Li X, Fan W, Yu W, Wang S, Li Z, et al. Potassium and obesity/metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological evidence.
Nutrients 2016;8(4):183.
16. Lee SY, Park HS, Kim DJ, Han JH, Kim SM, Cho GJ, et al. Appropriate waist circumference cutoff points for central obesity in Korean adults.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007;75(1):72-80.
17. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute scientific statement.
Circulation 2005;112(17):2735-52.
18. Bailey RL, Parker EA, Rhodes DG, Goldman JD, Clemens JC, Moshfegh AJ, et al. Estimating sodium and potassium intakes and their ratio in the American diet: data from the 2011-2012 NHANES.
J Nutr 2015;146(4):745-50.
19. Du S, Batis C, Wang H, Zhang B, Zhang J, Popkin BM. Understanding the patterns and trends of sodium intake, potassium intake, and sodium to potassium ratio and their effect on hypertension in China.
Am J Clin Nutr 2014;99(2):334-43.
20. Lee SY, Lee SY, Ko YE, Ly SY. Potassium intake of Korean adults: based on 2007~2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
J Nutr Health 2017;50(1):98-110.
22. Krishna GG, Kapoor SC. Potassium depletion exacerbates essential hypertension.
Ann Intern Med 1991;115(2):77-83.
23. Brunner HR, Baer L, Sealey JE, Ledingham JG, Laragh JH. The influence of potassium administration and of potassium deprivation on plasma renin in normal and hypertensive subjects.
J Clin Invest 1970;49(11):2128-38.
24. Choi MK, Kim NY, Lee YK, Heo YR, Hyun T, Oh SY, et al. Contribution of food groups to sodium and potassium intakes by their ratio in Korean adults. Progress in Nutrition 2019;21(2):285-93.
25. Zhang Z, Cogswell ME, Gillespie C, Fang J, Loustalot F, Dai S, et al. Association between usual sodium and potassium intake and blood pressure and hypertension among U.S. adults: NHANES 2005-2010.
PLoS One 2013;8(10):e75289.
26. Wijendran V, Bell SJ. Relationship of dietary sodium, potassium and the sodium-to-potassium ratio to blood pressure.
J Med -Clin Res & Rev 2019;3(5):1-5.
27. Hu G, Jousilahti P, Peltonen M, Lindström J, Tuomilehto J. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study in Finland.
Diabetologia 2005;48(8):1477-83.
28. Chatterjee R, Yeh HC, Shafi T, Selvin E, Anderson C, Pankow JS, et al. Serum and dietary potassium and risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study.
Arch Intern Med 2010;170(19):1745-51.
29. Colditz GA, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Rosner B, Willett WC, Speizer FE. Diet and risk of clinical diabetes in women.
Am J Clin Nutr 1992;55(5):1018-23.
30. Willey J, Gardener H, Cespedes S, Cheung YK, Sacco RL, Elkind MSV. Dietary sodium to potassium ratio and risk of stroke in a multiethnic urban population: the Northern Manhattan Study.
Stroke 2017;48(11):2979-83.