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A Program to Build Early School-Aged Child's Personal Hygiene Habits Based on Health Belief Model


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A Program to Build Early School-Aged Child's Personal Hygiene Habits Based on Health Belief Model

Article information

Korean J Health Promot. 2018;18(1):51-59
Publication date (electronic) : 2018 March 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2018.18.1.51
Yunhee Shin, Eunji Kim, Hyoeun Shin, Jeahee Lee, Serin Jeong
Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea.
Corresponding author : Yunhee Shin, RN, PhD. Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 20 Ilsan-ro, Wonju 26426, Korea. Tel: +82-33-741-0387, Fax: +82-33-743-9490, yhshin@yonsei.ac.kr
Received 2017 August 25; Accepted 2018 January 29.

Abstract

Background

School age is a time when students form habits of healthy behavior that affect their lifetime health. However, most previous studies were conducted on hand washing and brushing teeth and no studies included bathing in personal hygiene. We aim to improve knowledge and performance about hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing in school age children. The study was based on the health belief model and ways to establish proper personal hygiene habits.

Methods

A non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used in this study. The educational content included hand hygiene, oral hygiene and bath hygiene. After the pre and post evaluation of the control group, the experimental group received the education and pre and post evaluation over five weeks. Then, the education program was provided to the control group. This study was conducted over ten weeks from April to June 2017.

Results

Knowledge on personal hygiene habits (F=8.41, P=0.006) and performance of personal hygiene habits (F=29.09, P<0.001) were higher in the experimental group compared to the control group after controlling the covariates.

Conclusions

The results of this study show obvious difference between the experimental group and control group on knowledge and performance for personal hygiene habits. This result demonstrated that the program based on the health belief model was effective. It is necessary to develop other effective programs including hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing to help students develop good personal hygiene habits.

Keywords: Child; Hygiene; Habits; Education

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2018 Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Figure 1

Figure 1

Conceptual framework of the program.

Table 1

Study design

Table 1

Table 2

Summary of intervention program

Table 2

Table 3

Homogeneity between the experimental and control group

Table 3

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

aCalculated by chi-square test (Fisher's exact test).

bKnowledge for personal hygiene habit.

cPerformance for personal hygiene habit.

dCalculated by two-sample t-test.

Table 4

Comparisons between pre-post scores and two groups

Table 4

Abbreviations: MD, mean difference; SE, standard error.

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.

aCalculated by paired t-test.

bCalculated by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with gender as a covariate.

cCalculated by ANCOVA with gender and pre-score of performance for personal hygiene habit as covariates.