The Effect of Emotional Experiences on Biological Aging
- Seo Chae Paik, Jong Sung Kim
- Received August 29, 2018 Revised December 20, 2018 Accepted December 21, 2018
- ABSTRACT
-
- Background
- This study was designed to investigate the effects of usual negative emotional experiences on biological aging progression of human.
- Methods
- A total of 237 subjects who visited the Health Promotion Center at Chungnam National University Hospital from May 2013 through September 2013 was enrolled. Each subject had been drawn up a structured questionnaire about usual experiences of depression, anxiety, anger, and anger expression. The degree of biological aging progression of each subject was computed by a specific formula which consisted of chronological age and biological age reflecting obesity and aging of main organs.
- Results
- Trait anger and low education level showed the significant correlations with biological aging (r=0.160, P=0.014, and r=-0.189, P=0.024, respectively). Trait anger and low education level solely displayed the significant R2s for biological aging in consequence of multivariate analyses; R2=0.044, P=0.020, and R2=0.022, P=0.038, respectively.
- Conclusions
- This study suggests that the significant relationship between usual anger experience (i.e., trait anger) and biological aging would be present. In addition, lower education level may be related with biological aging.
Table 1.
General characteristics and emotional experiences
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Sex | |
| Male | 126 (53.2) |
| Female | 111 (46.8) |
| Age, y | 52.8±10.8 |
| BMI | 24.0±3.3 |
| Education level | |
| <Elementary school | 3 (1.3) |
| Elementary school | 26 (11.0) |
| Middle school | 36 (15.2) |
| High school | 58 (24.5) |
| ≥College or university | 114 (48.1) |
| Monthly household gross income (106 won) | |
| <1 | 27 (11.4) |
| 1≤ N <3 | 63 (26.6) |
| 3≤ N <5 | 69 (29.1) |
| ≥5 | 78 (32.9) |
| Faith level | |
| No or little | 88 (37.1) |
| A little | 72 (30.4) |
| Moderate | 25 (10.5) |
| A lot | 24 (10.1) |
| Smoking | |
| Non-smoker | 146 (61.6) |
| Past smoker | 46 (19.4) |
| Present smoker | 45 (19.0) |
| Weekly exercise, min | 92.9±138.4 |
| Weekly alcohol use (standard drinka) | 5.3±11.0 |
| Family function index | 6.4±2.4 |
| Trait depression | 20.7±5.2 |
| Trait anxiety | 41.3±9.5 |
| Trait anger | 19.9±5.3 |
| Anger expression | 48.1±7.1 |
Table 2.
The relationships among general characteristics, emotional experiences, and biological aginga
| Variable | r | P |
|---|---|---|
| Age | –0.054 | 0.404 |
| Education levelb | –0.189 | 0.024 |
| Monthly household gross incomeb | –0.123 | 0.424 |
| Faith levelb | 0.018 | 0.612 |
| Weekly exercise | –0.110 | 0.066 |
| Weekly alcohol use | –0.005 | 0.944 |
| Family function index | 0.024 | 0.711 |
| Trait depression | –0.026 | 0.689 |
| Trait anxiety | 0.053 | 0.414 |
| Trait anger | 0.160 | 0.014 |
| Anger expression | 0.015 | 0.816 |
Table 3.
Subgroup analysis on relationships among general characteristics, emotional experiences and biological aginga
| Variable | r | P |
|---|---|---|
| Education levelb | –0.189 | 0.024 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | –0.152 | 0.101 |
| Female | –0.143 | 0.120 |
| Age | 0.072 | |
| 30's | –0.121 | 0.470 |
| 40's | 0.014 | 0.929 |
| 50's | –0.290 | 0.010 |
| 60's | 0.089 | 0.468 |
| 70's | – | – |
| Trait angerb | 0.160 | 0.014 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 0.152 | 0.101 |
| Female | 0.133 | 0.146 |
| Age | ||
| 30's | 0.383 | 0.018 |
| 40's | 0.128 | 0.409 |
| 50's | 0.174 | 0.130 |
| 60's | –0.067 | 0.583 |
| 70's | 0.404 | 0.281 |
Table 4.
Coefficients of determination of general characteristics and emotional experiences for the biological aginga
| Predictor | R2 | ΔR2 | Adjusted R2 | β | Standard error | Beta | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modelb | 0.206c | 0.043c | 0.034c | ||||
| Trait anger | 0.044d | – d | 0.017d | 0.168e | 0.075e | 0.198e | 0.020e |
| Education level | 0.066d | 0.022d | 0.028d | –0.588e | 0.277e | –0.164e | 0.038e |
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