Effects of Music Therapy on Subjective Stress Response, Salivary Cortisol, and Fatigue for Intensive Care Nurses

Hyun Hee Ji; Hyun Sook Jo

doi:10.15384/kjhp.2017.17.2.119

Korean J Health Promot > Volume 17(2); 2017 > Article

Ji and Jo: Effects of Music Therapy on Subjective Stress Response, Salivary Cortisol, and Fatigue for Intensive Care Nurses

Original Article

Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2017;17(2):119-127.

Published online: June 30, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2017.17.2.119

Effects of Music Therapy on Subjective Stress Response, Salivary Cortisol, and Fatigue for Intensive Care Nurses

Hyun Hee Ji¹, Hyun Sook Jo²

¹Intensive Care Unit, Gil Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

²College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.

Corresponding author: Hyun Sook Jo, PhD. College of Nursing, Gachon University, 191 Hambangmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
Tel: +82-32-820-4210, Fax: +82-32-820-4201, nackkun@hanmail.net

Received May 04, 2017 Accepted June 25, 2017

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ABSTRACT

Background

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of music therapy on subjective stress response, salivary cortisol and fatigue for nurses working in intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods

This study employed non-equivalent control group pretest–posttest design on quasi experimental basis. Subjects were 52 nurses (26 experimental and control group respectively) who have been working at ICU of Gil Hospital in Incheon, Korea. Data were collected from August 4 to October 6, 2014. Experimental group have listened to their 4-7 favorite musics individually once for 30 minutes after day-work.

Results

In experimental group, subjective stress response (t=5.02, P<0.001), salivary cortisol (t=2.08, P=0.042), and fatigue (t=5.66, P<0.001) have decreased significantly comparing to the control group.

Conclusions

This study has confirmed especially through objective physiological index of salivary cortisol that listening the favorite music for nurses in ICU was an effective and objective managerial measure to resolve their job stress and fatigue.

Keywords: Music therapy, Nurses, Stress, physiological, Cortisone, Fatigue

This article is the condensed edition of Hyun Hee Ji's dissertation at College of Nursing, Gachon University.

REFERENCES

1. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Ministry of health and welfare statistical yearbook 2016 (11-1352000-000137-10). Sejong: Ministry of Health and Welfare; 2016. p. 12-13.

2. Kim JS, Kim CJ. Association of job stress with health-promoting behaviors and health status in clinical nurses. Korean J Occup Health Nurs 2016;25(4):311-319.

3. Park HS, Gang EH. A study on job stress and the coping of ICU nurses. J Korean Acad Nurs 2007;37(5):810-821.

4. Park AS, Kwon IS, Cho YC. Fatigue symptoms and related factors among general hospital nurse. J Korea Acad Ind Coop Soc 2009;10(8):2164-2172.

5. Bozovic D, Racic M, Ivkovic N. Salivary cortisol level as a biological marker of stress reaction. Med Arch 2013;67(5):374-377.

6. Kim SH. Bio markers for stress research. Korean J Stress Res 2004;12(1):45-50.

7. Moustaka E, Maria M, Constantinidis TC. Measuring occupational stress and HRA axis dys regulation among healthy workers by salivary cortisol levels. Br J Med Med Res 2015;6(11):1040-1051.

8. Yoon GS, Kim SY. Influences of job stress and burn out on turnover intention of nurses. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2010;16(4):507-516.

9. Choi BC. Music therapy. Seoul: Hakjisa; 2003.

10. Davis WB, Thaut MH. The influence of preferred relaxing music on measures of state anxiety, relaxation, and physiological response. J Music Ther 1989;26(4):168-187.

11. Jeong HC. The effect of music therapy on the physiological and psychological status of women college students based on their preference of music. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2008;20(2):321-330.

12. Park HG, Lee JY. A meta-analysis of the music therapy research to reduce stress. Korean J Music Ther 2014;16(1):29-47.

13. Ahn MN, Ahn HY. The effects of music intervention on pain among critically ill patients with ventilatory support. J Korean Biol Nurs Sci 2013;15(4):247-256.

14. Bae YS. The effects of music therapy in fatigue and anxiety in hemodialysis patients [dissertation]. Busan: Dongeui University; 2009;Korean.

15. Choi HY, Yi YJ. Effects of music therapy on anxiety, depression and fatigue in cancer patients undergoing intensity modulated radiotherapy. Asian Oncol Nurs 2013;13(4):175-183.

16. Hong MS. The effects of music therapy on patients with post operative pain. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 1989;1(1):57-71.

17. Lee EH. The effect of self-selected music listening on mood and stress change for last-stage cancer patients [dissertation]. Seoul: Myongji University; 2010;Korean.

18. Park JH. The effect of music therapy on anxiety and pain, vital sign, cortisol of elderly cataract surgical patients [dissertation]. Incheon: Gachon University; 2014;Korean.

19. Seo EJ. The effect of music therapy on the job stress and anxiety of the clinical nurse [dissertations]. Asan: Soonchunyang University; 2009;Korean.

20. Marchand A, Duran P, Lupien S. Work hour and cortisol variation from non-working to working days. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013;86(5):553-559.

21. Parker DF, Decotiis TA. Organizational determinants of job stress. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process 1983;32(2):160-177.

22. Kim SY. Comparison of job as professionalism job satisfaction conflict involving performance of duty, job stress and burn-out [dissertation]. Seoul: Kyunghee University; 2009;Korean.

23. Koh KB, Park JK, Kim CH. Development of the stress response inventory. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2000;39(4):707-719.

24. Lee S, Suh M. Exploring subjective stress, sleep and diurnal variation of salivary cortisol in korea female adult. J Korean Biol Nurs Sci 2016;18(1):9-16.

25. Kim SJ, Sung MS. Subjective symptoms in fatigue in hospital nurses. J Korean Acad Nurs 1998;28(4):908-919.

26. Thoma MV, La Marca R, Brönnimann R, Finkel L, Ehlert U, Nater UM. The effect of music on the human stress response. PLoS One 2013;8(8):e70156.

27. Seol KO. The diurnal cortisol regulation rhythm and internalizing problems of children in institutive care and adopted children in Korea. Korean J Dev Psychol 2012;25(3):73-87.

28. Kim SY, Kwon IS, Cho YS. Relationship between job stress and fatigue symptoms among nurses in a university hospital. J Korea Acad Ind Coop Soc 2012;13(4):1759-1768.

Table 1

The genre of music preferred by experimental group (n=26)

Values are presented as number (%).

Table 2

Homogeneity test for general characteristics between experimental and control group (n=52)

Abbreviations: SD, standard variation; ICU, intensive care unit; MICU, medicine intensive care unit; SICU, surgery intensive care unit; NSICU, neuro surgery intensive care unit; HICU, heart surgery intensive care unit; TICU, trauma intensive care unit; NICU neonatal intensive care unit.

Values are presented as number (%) otherwise indicated.

^aFisher's exact test.